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Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol ; 19(5): 839-849, Sept.-Oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829925

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Presbycusis can affect different portions of the auditory system, causing impacts of varying degrees of seriousness on the daily routine of elderly persons. It is essential that the extent of the deficit as well as the degree of handicap is evaluated, so that the hearing of the elderly can be effectively rehabilitated, improving their quality of life. Purpose: To characterize the peripheral and central hearing of elderly individuals and assess their auditory handicaps. Methods: A cross sectional observational study was performed. We evaluated 83 elderly persons (60-85 years; 33 men, 50 women) with normal hearing or sensorineural hearing loss. Individuals were divided into 3 groups according to the 3 to 6kHz hearing thresholds: G1 - mean of 0 to 39 dBHL (80 ears); G2 - mean of 40 to 59 dBHL (48 ears); G3 - mean of 60 to 120dBHL (38 ears). All individuals responded to the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), and underwent Pure Tone Audiometry, Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and Long Latency Response (P300) evaluation. Results: Men had higher auditory thresholds at frequencies from 500 to 12,000Hz (with a statistical difference between 2-8 kHz) and also significantly greater latencies for ABR components. There was no difference between genders for the P300 evaluation. Comparison between groups showed: a statistically significant difference for age; greater ABR wave latencies and interwave intervals; that questionnaire scores worsened as hearing threshold declined; and similar P300 latencies. Conclusions: Elderly people have impairment throughout the auditory pathway (peripheral and central). The P300 was less accurate at identifying the losses that come with age. The HHIE demonstrated negative effects on the social life of elderly people, agreeing with the hearing thresholds found. AU


Resumo Introdução: A presbiacusia pode afetar diferentes porções do sistema auditivo, causando impactos diversos na vida do idoso. É fundamental que a extensão do deficit e o grau do handicap sejam avaliados, visando uma reabilitação auditiva mais específica e eficaz, melhorando a qualidade de vida do idoso. Objetivo: Caracterizar a audição periférica e central de idosos e avaliar o handicap auditivo. Método: estudo transversal observacional. Foram avaliados 83 idosos (60 a 85 anos; 33 homens, 50 mulheres) com audição normal ou perda auditiva neurossensorial, divididos em 3 grupos, de acordo com os limiares de 3 a 6 kHz: G1 - média de 0 a 39 dBNA (80 orelhas); G2 - média de 40 a 59 dBNA (48 orelhas); G3 - média de 60 a 120dBNA (38 orelhas). Realizaram questionário Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), Audiometria Tonal, Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefálico (PEATE) e de Longa Latência. Resultados: O sexo masculino apresentou limiares auditivos piores nas frequências de 500 a 12000 Hz e latências aumentadas para os componentes do PEATE; não houve diferença entre sexos no P300. Na comparação entre grupos, observou-se diferença significante com relação à idade; aumento das latências e interpicos no PEATE e piora da pontuação do questionário conforme piora do limiar auditivo; semelhança nas latências do P300. Conclusões: Idosos apresentam comprometimento da via auditiva (periférica e central). O P300 mostrou-se menos sensível para as alterações decorrentes da idade; o questionário HHIE demonstrou prejuízo para a vida social dos idosos, mostrando concordância com os limiares auditivos avaliados. AU


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Event-Related Potentials, P300 , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Health of the Elderly , Hearing , Hearing Loss , Presbycusis
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